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A

TRE^CTISE

B U G G S:

Shewing

When and Hott'thcy were firft brought
\vito England. How they arc brought
into and infed Houfes.

Their Nature, feveral, Foods, Times and
Manner of Spawning and Props^ting in this
Climate.

Their great I n c r b^ a s e accounted for, by
Proof of the Numbers each Pair produce -in a
Seafon.

REASONS given why all Attempts hitherto
made for their Dcftrudion have proved
ineffeftual.

Vulgar Errors concerning them refuted.

That ixoxsL SMtmhet to March is the beft Seafon for
their total Deflruaion, demonftrated by Reafon, and
proved by Fads. >•'■

Conelnding with

DIRECTIONS for fuch ashave them not already, how
to avoid them; and for thoie that have them, how to
defbroy them.

By JOHN SOUTH A^LLy

Maker of the Nonpareil Liquor for deftroying Buggs and
Nkss living at the Green Tofts in the Green Wdlk near
FaulcciP'ftMirs, Southwark,

LONDON: Printed for J. Roberts, near the Oxford- Arms

in Pf^arwick'L^ne. M.dcc.xxx.

(Price One Sliilling.)

1 6 MAY 193C

^ir Hans Sioane, Bart.

I

Firft Phyfician in Ordinary to His
MAJESTY; Prefident of the
Royal Society, and alfo of
the College of Phyficians.

SIR,

JOUR ready Conde-
fcenfion to perufe
the following Trea-
tife, and to fee the Expe-
riments of my Liquor, both
a

I

J

( vi )
in regard to its bringing
out, anddeflroying Buggs;
as alfo that of its no ways
ftaining Furniture ; was to
me the happy Prefage of
your Favour, and Appro-
bation of my Performan-
ces.

The Satisfadion of ha-
ving this Treatife and Ex-
periments approv'd by
You, the Beft of Judges,
was to me the greatefl:
Honour I could wifti for ;
but the additional one,

I-confer'd by your introdu-
[ cing

4

J

I

I

( vii )
cing me to the Royal Soi
ty, and there having not
only their unanimous Ap-
probation, but yours and
their Thanks for my Dif-
coveriesand Intent of pub-
lifhing them, was beyond
my Hopes, and a Pleafure
io great, as to be pafl ex-
preffing ; in regard that it
diffipates all my Fears for
its Succefs, and makes me
juftly hope it will meet
with a candid Reception
from, and be of general
Benefit to the Publick.

Ar

( viii )

P As to your Goodnefs, I
niufl afcribe the happy
Profped of its proving 16,
Gratitude obliges me in
this manner to acknow-
ledge it ; and to be,

Sir,

Your Much-OUigeJ,
Jbid Mofi Obedient Servant^

John Southall.

1

REFACE

iEIJVG diffident of
my own Performatice^
and dejirous it pould
' fiand or fall by the Opi-
nion of the BeJI of Judges, was the
Motive that induced me to make my

Application to that very Learned,
truly "Judicious and commendablyCu-
rious Per/on to whom it\ dedicated :
At the fame time determining-, that
if he appi-ovd of it, I -mould puhlijh
it ; and if he difapprovd, that I
would burn it. But it happily meet-
ing his Approbation, it now makes its
Appearance in Print : Tho' I mujl
in Juflice to him acknowledge, it
could not have fo donefo foon, nor
mithfuch Emiellijhments, had he not
only forwarded the Imprejfion, but
direBed and order d the Copper-plate.
As it has not only his Approbation,
tut alfo,by his introducing it, the una-
nimous Concurrent Approbation of
(thofe great Encouragers of things

ufeful) the Royal Society ; I hope it
will not fail of meeting a kind Re-
ception from the Inhabitants in and
about this Metropolis ; by li'hom, as
fuch a Treatife, &c. was mojt wan-
ted, for their Benefit and Eafe it was
at firji chiefly deflgnd.

■ Tho with fuch Helps as it now has,
I am not without Hopes that it may
extend its ^alities to difiant infe-
Eled Places.

\

I

I pould think it a Duty Incumbent
en me, and would wait on the Vene-

'le Members of the aforefaid So-
Viety, prefent i^hen my Manufcript
was read, perfonally to return them
my

Ki^i

I yn

( xii )
Wy lianhfor the Hmoun confer/ d
on me. But as the Names and Fla-
xes of Abode of mofi are unknown to
■me., I humbly beg they will accept
this Acknowledgement of them^ by
their ^

Obliged and Obedient Servant,
JOHN SOUTHALL.

I

B U G G S.

S Buggs have been knowa
to be in England above
fixty Years, and every Sea-
fon increafing fb upon us,
ds to become terrible to almoft every
Inhabitant in and about this Metro-
B polis.

I

( 2)

polls, it were greatly to be wiflied
that fome more learned Perfonthan
my felf, ftudious for the Good of
Human Kind, and the Improvement
of natural Knowledge, would have
oblig'd the Town with fome Trea-
tife, Difcourfe or LeSure on that
naufeous venomous Inieft.

But as none fuch have attempted
it, and I have ever fmce my re-
turn from America made their de-
ftruftion my Profeffion, and was at
firft much baffled in my Attempts
for want, (as I then believ'd, and
have fince found) of truly knowing
the Nature of thofe intolerable Ver-
min : I determin'd by all means pof-
fible to try if I could difcover and
find out as much of their Nature,
Feeding and Breeding, as might be
conducive to my being better ablft
to deftroy them.

A«d tho' in attempting it I muft
own I had a View at private Gaini,

I

. well as the publick Good ; yet I
hiopemy DefignwiU appear laudable,

nd the Event anfwer both Ends.

The late Learned and truly Va-
iiable Dr. Woodward^ to whom I
communicated my Intent, not
bnly approv'd the Defign, but alfo
Methods which, I told him, I

^gn'd to purfiie, to attain the de-
Sired Effefts : and at the fame time
was fo good to give me fome ufeful
Hints and Inftruftions, the better to
accomplilli an AfFair, which he faid
'twas his Opinion would be a gene-
ral Good.

Not to make this Acknowledge-
ment of his kind AlTiftance, would
be Ingratitude to my dear deceas'd
Friend.

As I had his Approbation at the
beginning, had he but liv'd till now,
I doubt not but the Difcoveries I
have made would have appear'd fo
confiderableandufeful, as might have
B 2 eij-

I

I

1

(4)

entitled me to his farther Friend-
fhip and AfUftance, in methodizing
this Treatife for Publication.

But depriv'd of him, my firft
and greateft Encourager, I have
ventur'd to let it appear in the beft
Drefs my Capacity will admit.
Should the Stile and my Manner of
handhng the Subjeft to be treated of,
appear uncouth and difpleale, ,1
hope the Ufefulnefs of it to the Pub-
lick will makefome amends for that
Defeft.

In treating on thefe Infeds, fome
part of the Difcourfe may perhaps at
firft View appear furprizing, if not
incredible to tlie Readers : But by
giving them an account how I at-
tain'-d my Knowledge, and by often
reiterated Experiments prov'd them
to be certain Fafls, they will foon
alter their Opinion ; and the whole,
I hope, will not only be acceptable,
diverting and inftrudive to the Rea-
derS)

I

(s)

clers, but alfb of univerfal Benefit
to tie Inhabitants in and about Lon-
don and Wejiminfier.

This Treatife being on a Subject
as much wanted as any whatever,
and the Pains and Trouble I have •
taken to arrive at my Knowledge
herein, having been uncommon ; it
may be expe<9:ed by the Curious,
that I fhould give fome of the Rea-
fons that firft ijnduced me to under-
take a Difcove^y fb very difficult to
appearance.

It may not therefore be unnecef-

lary to acquaint fiich, that in the

Year -1726, my Affairs requiring

my going to the Weft-Indies^ I had

not been long there arrived, before,

(the CHmate not agreeing with n)y

Conftitution) I fell fick, had a Com^

plication of the Country Diftempers ,

loft the Ufe of my Limbs, and was

given over by the beft Phyficians at

fCingftown in Jamaica,

' But,

W ^"''

(6 )

But, contrary to their Expefla-
tion, recovering a little, they ad-
vis'd me to ftay no longer in a
Country, fo prejudicial and dange-
rous to me, than till I could getShip-
■ ping for EnglanJ; and in the mean
time defired that as often as I was
able, I would ride out for the Bene-
fit of the Air ; which as foon as I
had Strength enough, I did.

In one of my Journeys meeting
with anuncommon Negro, the Hair
or (rather) Wooll on his Head, Beard,
and Breaft being as white as Snow,
I ftopt my Horfe to look on him ;
and he coming, as their way is, to
beg a little Tobacco, I gave it, and
enquir'd if he had been always lb
white-hair'd. He anfwer'd, no;
but Age had made him fo.

tObferving that he moved briskly,
had 110 Wrinkles, and all his Teeth, I
told him I could not believe him to
be very old, at the lame time de-
firing
, \

I

(7)

firing to know his Age. His Anfwer
was, he knew not himfelf ; but this
he knew, that he was one of the firft
Slaves brought into that Ifland, after
the Englifo had taken it in Oliver
CromwelCs time, and was then a
great Boy.

By this account I judged, and
might reafonably fuppofe him up-
wards of ninety Years of Age.

Whilft we were in difcourfe, he
perceiving me often rub and fcratch,
where my Face and Eyes were much
fwelled with Bugg-Bites, asked if
Chintfes, (fo Buggs are by Negroes
and fome others there called) had
bit me .' On my anfwering, yes ;
he laid, he wonder'd white Men
fhould let them bite; they (hould do
fomething to kill them, as he did.

This unexpefted Expreffion exci-
ted in me a Curiolity to have far-
ther Dilcoijrfe with him ; and on my
telling him, that for my part I (hould
I be

I

(8)
be esrtrcme glad to know how W
deftroy thofe Difturbers of my Reft,
and that if he would tell me how,
I would give him Ibme more To-
bacco and a Bit, (a Piece oi Spanijh
Money, there current at Seven-pence
Half-Penny :) On this he agreed to
give me a Calibafli full of Liquor,
which he faid would certainly do
it, following the Direftions he gave
me.

Pofiefs'd of this, well pleas'd I
went home, and tho'much ^tigued,
I could not forbear ufing fome of it
before I went to fleep ; and to my
furprize, the inftant I applied it,
vaft Numbers did, (as he had told
me they would) come out of their
Holes, and die before my face.

Thefe I fwept up, threw away,
and went to Bed, and had much bet-
ter Reft than ufual, not being Bugg-
bitthen, as I always was. before.

But

(9)

But what added to my Satisfaflion,
and further furpriz'd me, was, that
when I got up I found many more
had come out in the Night and were
dead.

On this, I conceiv'd fo great an
Opinion of the Goodnefs and VCc-
iiilnefs of this Liquor, that I was re-
folved to endeavour, and if poffible
to prevail on him to teach me how
to make it ; well knowing fo valua-
ble a Secret Was much wanted, and
would be highly ufeful, if I lived
to return to England.

In order to obtain it, I got fome
Englijh Beef, Pork, Bifcuit and
Beer, and fome Tobacco, beheving
thofe fooner than Money or any o-
ther thing would procure from the
Negro, what I fo much wanted and
defired.

The next day early I went, and

finding my Negro in his Hutt, I

asked if he could drefs me fome

C Viauals.

I

I

I

]

I

( '2 )

bear going every time I rode out, to
fee and difcourie my Negro, and ne-
ver went empty-handed, being de-
firous to try if I could difcover any
thing further from him or of him,
andhovif he attain'd the great Know-
ledge I found he had in the medici-
nal Virtues of Roots, Plants, ^c.

He inform'd me, that during
about fifty Years that he was a Slave
(in which time fix of his Matters had
died) he oft wifli'd for Death, and
fought no means to prelerve Life,
and was then fo infirm, as to be
thought by his feventh Mafter to be
paft labour; and having been a good
and faithful Slave, his faid Mafter
gave him his Freedom, and the
piece of Ground I found him upon,
to live en. •

That Liberty having render'd Life
more agreeable 19 him, he then ftu-
died all means to preferve it, and
having fome knowledge of things

J

{ 13 )

proper to preferve as well as fupport
him, he had ever fince planted, Sfc. _
in his Plantation, things proper for H
Phyfick as well as Food. V

And indeed his Ground might be
called a Phyfick-Garden, rather than
a Provifion-Plantation ; for of the
latter he only raifed enough to fup-
port himfelf, of the former to fupply
others as well as himlelf, and fre-
quently made Medicines for his lick
Acquaintance and others with fuc-
cefs. This Account I had of him
from many, as well as from himfelf;
which made me entertain fo good an
opinion of his Skill and Fidelity,
that I ventur'd to take a Medicine
made by him, by the ufe of which
I found great Benefit in the reftoring _
me to the Ufe of my Limbs. ■

'Twas owing to his Skill that he ■
had thus preferv'd himfelf to fo great
an Age ; and 'tis my Opinion, he
}iad attain'd to a greater knowledge
of i

:dge M

J

( 14 )

of the phj-fical Ufc of the Vegetables
of that Country, than any ilhterate
Perfon ever had done before him.

Believing fome of the Materials
not to be had in Europe, I procured
of him a quantity, and foon after
returned to England.

On my arrival 3.\.London mAuguJi
1727, I made {bme Liquor to com-
pare with his, (which I found ex-
aftly the fame) whereupon I fet about
deftroying of Buggs, and found tQ^,
my Satisfaftion, that wherever I ap-
ply 'd it, it brought out and kill'd
em all. At length I advertis'd, had
great bulinels, and pleafed every
body, then apprehending no return
of the Vermin. But yet, to my fur-
prize, tho' I iiad kill'd all the old
ones, young ones fomctimes, in fomc
places, would appear.

To my Liquor's being then lb
ftrong and oleous, tliat I durll not
venture to liquor the Furniture for
3 fear

( IS)
fear of damaging it, I at firft attribu-
ted the coming of thofe young Buggs.

Whereupon I ftudied to find an
Allay for that Quality ; which at
length, after many Experiments, and
with much difficulty, I found out,
and to fuch a perfeftion, that I can
and do with fafety liquor the richeft
of Furniture, as well as the Wood-
work of Beds ; and tho' the ftaining
Quality be taken off, the valuable
attraftive and deilruflive parts of the
Compofition ftill retain their lull
Virtue.

Having gain'd this great Point, I
then went on briskly, and deftroy'd
Buggs and Nits in all Beds and Fur-
niture wherever I came : But yet
Young Ones from behind Wainfcot
and out of Walls would fometimes
afterwards appear, get to the Beds
for better quarters and food, and

come troublefome.

ribu- H

he cx

I

I

This

(i6)

This much perplex'd me ; but
thefe unforefeen and then unknown
Difficulties, which might have dif-
couraged a lefs enterprizing Genius,
prompted me the more to find the
Cauie and Means to overcome them ;
which I conjeftur'd might beft be
done, by finding their Nature and
Method of Breeding, Feeding, &c.

In order to it, I enquir'd of man)r
Booklellers, if any Book concerning
them had ever been publifhed ; but
finding none, I then made it Tay
bufinefs to difcourfe as many learned,
curious, and antient Men as I poflibly
could, concerning them ; but all
that ever I could gather from either,
was the following Account, how
and when they were firft known to
be brought and to breed m England.

Viz. " That fdon after the Fire of

" London, in fome of the new-built

'* Houles they were oblerv'd to ap-

" pear, and were never noted to

" have

( '7)

« have been feen in the old, tho*

« they wcfC then Co few, as to be

« littJe taken notice of 5 yet as they

« were only feen in Firr-Timbcr,

< 'twas conjedur'd they were then

< firfi brought to England in them ;
* of which moft of the new Houfes

< were partly built, inftead of the
« good Oak deftroy'd in the old."

In the above Account of their fir ft
coming, Elquire Pitfield and Mr.
fVbite^ a Chymift, Men of great
Probity and Curiofity, agreed.

And as the Sap of Deal is one of
their beloved Foods, this probably
might be the firft way they were
brought. How they areftill brought,
I fhall Ipeak to more fully hereafter,
in my Inftruftions to avoid them.

Finding no /atisfedlory Account
of their Nature, Breeding, and Feed-
ing, to be come at from others, I
was relblved afliduoufly to fet about
and try all poffible ways to attain it

D my-

»

I

I

( i8) ~

yfelf. My firft Step was to pur-
chafe and try Microfcopes, and all
fuch Help as could be got, and to
devife iiich others as might contri-
bute thereto ; by which I am enabled
to give you the folIowingDefcriptions
of Buggs, ^c. ^\'hich the better to
illuftrate, is annexed from a Copper-
Plate, curiouily engraven by the
famous Mr. Vanderguchty the diife-
rent Species and Sizes of Buggs, as
well as one corred:Iy and finely mag-
nified.

I was not lb fond of my own
Performance, as to think my Trea-
tife merited fo great an Ornament.
But as the Learned and Judicious
Sir Hans Slo.anf. had done me die
Honour to perufc and appro\'e of
my Manufcript, and thought it wor-
thy thereof, and alfo defired and di-
rcfted the doing the faid Plate by fo
good a Hand ; I fhould have been
wanting to myfelf, had i not, in de-
ference

('9)
ference and refpe<5t to his Opinion
and Requeft, annex'd the lame.

A Bugg's Body is fhaped and fliel-
led, and the Shell as tranlparent and
finely ftriped as the moft beautiful
.amphibious Turtle ; has fix Legs
moft exadly fliaped, jointed and
briftled as the Legs of a Crab. Its
Neck and Head much refembles a
Toad's. On its Head are three
Horns picqued and briftled; and at
the end of their Nofe they have a
Sting (harper and much fmaller than
a !Bee's. The Ufe of their Horns is
in Fight to aflail their Enemies, or
defend themfelves. With the Sting
they penetrate and wound our Skins,
and then (tho' the Wound is fo
finall as to be almoft imperceptible)
they thence by Su<aion extradt their
moft delicious Food, our Blood.
This Sucking the Wound fo given, is
what we improperly call biting us.

D 2 By

■ By

( 2° )

By often nightly watching and
daily obleiring them with the bcft
of Helps, having difcover'd Males
from Females, I determin'd, and
then did put up-a Pair in a Glals, as
believing that to keep them the
Year round, would be the only and
bell way to iind the Nature of their
breeding, feeding, ^c. and be a
means to dilcover what had occa-
fion'd she Difficulties I had met with
in my Endeavours and Practice of
deftroying them. ^t

As the Thought was a propos, ajjf
tlie Event having anfwer'd Expe<9a-
tion, I lliall now inform you of my
Obfervations and Difcoveries thereby
made.

As I put up the Pair aforefaid, fo
did I another Pair that day Fortnight,
and fo every Fortnight for eighteen
Months, did I put up otiiers, with
.„ various Foods. ^

b ]

I

dfburtli H

( " )
The firft, fecond, third, and :
Pair Hved, but did not prefently
breed, it not being then their Seafon
of fo doing : But in about ten Days
after I put up the fifth Pair, they all
ipawn'd much about the time of each
other; and in about three Weeks
the Spawn came to life.

Of the Spawn and different Gra-
dations of Buggs, I fliall now give
youanexad: Account.

The Eggs or Nits are white, and
having when fpawn'd a clammy
glutinous Subftance, they ftick to
ly thing fpawn'd upon, and by
!eat come to Maturity and Life.
The Eggs are oval, and as fmall as
thefmalleft Maw-feed.

Buggs of one day old, are white
as Milk.

• At three days old, are Cream-co- i
lour'd.

I

ftfini

( 22 )

At one Week old, are Straw-co-
lour'd.

At two Weeks, are of the fame
Colour, with a red Lift down
the Back.

At three Weeks, Lift Copper Co-
lour. '

At four Weeks, Lift Browner.

At five Weeks, Lift deeper Brown.

At fix Weeks, the Sides brown,
and the Lift hardly difcernible.

At feven Weeks, they come to be
of their proper Colour, all o-
ver brown.

At eight Weeks, they grow big-
ger.

Nine Weeks, Ditto.

Ten Weeks, Ditto.

At eleven Weeks, they are fliU
■ I grown.

Fide the Plate done from Eu-
ropeans bred : under which is a

I
I

;gle one longer and larger,

than
our

(^3)

•our fiill-grown, being a full-grown
American bred. 'Tis needlels to
give the Gradations of that Species,
becaufe when they fpawn and breed
here, the Young degenerate, and
,are of the European Size.

As I wrote down the Time I put
'-Up all Pairs for breeding, and alfo
•.the Times they fpawn'd,and obferv'd
and fet down the Numbers they ge-
nerally Ipawn'd ; I found by my ac-
, count of above forty Pair fo put up
with various Foods, not only their
beft-beloved Foods, but alfo their
Method of Breeding; of which, to
render my Obfervations of publick
;Service, I fhall give you an account.

Viz. Their beloved Foods are
Blood, dry'd Pafte, Size, Deal, Beach,
Oiler, and fome other Woods, the
Sap of which they liick; and on
any one of thefe will they live the
year round. „ « « «,

"' " "' Oak,

m

■ Oal
^K coney

Oak, Walnut, Cedar and Maho-
goney they will not feed upon ; all
Pairs I put up with thofe Woods for
Food, having been foon flarved to
death.

Wild Buggs are watchful and
cunning, and tho' timorous of us,
yet in fight one with another, are
very fierce; I having often feen fome
(that I brought up from a day old,
always inur'd to Light and Company)
fight as eagerly as Dogs or Cocks,
and fometimes one or both have died
on the Spot. From thole fo brought
up tame, I made the greateft Dif-
coveries.

They are hot in Nature, generate
often, and Ihoot their Spawn all at
once, and then leave it, as Fifh do.

They generally fpawn about fifty
at a time, of which Spawn about
forty odd in about three Weeks time
ufually, (but fometimes two or three
days more or lefs, according as the
Weather

( 25 )
Weather proves more or leis liot)
come to life; the Refidue provitig
addle, as do often the Eggs of Hens,
&€. m

Thus they fpawn four times in a B
Seafon ; viz. in March, May, July, ™
and September : by which 'tis ap-
parent to a Demonftration, that
from every Pair that Hvcs out the
Seafon, about two hundred Eggs of
Nits are produc'd ; and that out of
them, one hundred and fixty, or one
hundred and leventy, come to Life
and Perfeftion.

Some of the firft Breed I have
known to fpawn the fame Seafon
they were hatched ; but fo few in
Quantity, and thofe fo wealily, that
the Winter killed them.

I have alfo obferved that in Rooms
where conftant Fires have been kept
Night and Day, they have been fo
brisk and ftout as to fpawn in the
Depth of Winter : but of all the
E Spawn

Jd

I
I

^

I

(.26)

Spawn I ever (aw between September
and Marcbf not one ever came to
Life.

This plainly evinces, that Natural
Heat only produces Life in the
Spawn, and that Artificial cannot. |jH

Thus having Ihewn plainly the
Number each Pair annually produce,
I hope their great Increafe is fo luiE-
ciently accounted for, that it need
no more be wonder'd at.

And having alfo (hewn their feven
Months Seafon of Breeding, if 'tis
admitted, as I think 'tis plainly ap-
parent, that in the other five
Months, viz. from September to
March, when there is no fuch thing
as Spawn but what is addle, and
confcquently cannot come to Maturi-
ty ; it then naturally follows, that the
Winter is the beft Seafon for their
total Deftruflion: which Ifliall make

more

( «7 )
more fully appear prefently, but
muft firft refute two vulgar Errors.

The firft is, That many People
imagine they are dead in Winter.
This is a Notion fo abfurd, that it
would hardly be worth mentioning,
had I not by Experience found it
had prevail'd with many People of
Senfe and Learning, as well as the
Vulgar and Illiterate. The many
Experiments by me fhown at the
Holpitals in the hardeft Frofts laft
Winter, and in the Houfes of the
Nobility and Gentry, and to Sir
Hans Sloane the 30th of December
1729, will, I hope, be deem'd a
' fliiEcient Refutation of that Error :
For in the coldeft Seafbns the Appli-
cation of my Liquor with a Feather
only, made the Vermin bolt out of
their Holes, and die before their
j^ces.

This they will diO all the Year
round in the coldeft or hotteft Wea-

E 2 ther.

I

i

( 28 )

ther. And I havefeen, and doaflerl
they do bite in the cold as well i
hot Seafons : but as our Blood is not
fo apt to inflame in Winter as in
Summer, their Bites make but little
Imprefllon, and are confequently
the lefs regarded. ■

The leeond and moft prevailing^
Error is, That Buggs bite fomePer^
fons, and not others : When in Rea-
lity they bite every Human Body
that comes in their way ; and this
I will undertake plamly to demonr
Arate by R^fon. jH

It is generally obferv'd and giaii4
ted, that a Perfon under an ill Ha-
bit of Body, if he receives a fmall
Cut or Wound, fo flight as to be at
firft thought a Trifle, fuch Perfon's
Wound by reafon of fuch ill Habit
fliall be attended witli Inflammations
and other dangerous Symptons, and
be longer under Cure than Wounds,
which when firft receiv'd were
larger.

( 29)

larger, and confequently thought
more dangerous. Thefe Wounds
fliall be immediately healed on
Perfons in good Habit of Body, fuch
good Habit preventing any Inflam-
mations.

And as Fevers, and Swellings at-
tending and prolonging tlie Cure of
Frafiures,are accounted for the fame
way ; why may it not by the lame
parity of Reafon be admitted, tliat
the Bite or Wound of a Bugg Ihould
fwell and inflame fuch only whole
Blood is out of order ; and tho' they
do bite, caule no Inflammations on
any in right order of Blood .''

The beft Reafon which can be

f'ven in fupport of this Error, is,
hat where two Perfons He in one
Bed, one fliall be apparently bit, the
other not.

Buggs indeed, where there are

two Sorts, may feed moft on that

Plpod which beftpleafo their Palate;

but

I

I

( 3° )
but that they do tafte the other alft
to me is apparent : Aud whenevi
that Bedfellow who is moft liked by
Buggs fhall lie from home, the other
will fo fenfibly feel the effeds to be as
above, that they will no longer think
themfelves bite-free.

Of this I am fenfible, that I daily
. am bit when praflifing and at work
in my Bufinefs, deftroying them ;
and as they nerer fwell me but whi
out of order, from thence I infe
that not only myfelf, but all fud
who are among Buggs, and do not
fwell with their Bites, are certainly
in good Habit of Body. But to re:^|
turn to my Subjeft. ^

Having fhewn that they not only
live in Winter, but aflerted that to
be the beft Seafon for their total De-
ftruftion, I muft further obferve, that
few People caring to trouble them-
lelves about Buggs but when they
themfelves are troubled by them,
3 having

( 31 )
having confin'd the Attempts for tibeir
Deftnidion chiefly to the Breeding-
Seafon, has been the fole Reafon why
the beft Efforts for their Deftrudion
have fail'd.

I do admit innumerable Quanti-
ties have been deftroy'd, and much
good has and may be done in Sum-
mer: but fhould every old Bugg
then be deftroy'd, you are yet not
lafe ; for the Nits behind Wainfcot
and in Walls, which cannot be come
at, will by heat come to life, and
your work is partly to be done over
again.

Whereas, on the contrary, if clea-
red out of Spawning-time, there is
a certainty, as there is then no Nits,
that their Offspring cannot plague
you thereafter.

*Tis for this Reafon I warrant
what I do in Winter ; which I pan-
not pretend to do in Summer.

In

In Summer indeed I do deftroy
all Buggs and Nits too in Beds and
their Furniture, but Buggs only be-
hind Wainfcot and in Walls : for
tho' my Liquor has an attraffive as
well as the deftruSive QuaUty, and
thereby does bring out and deftroy
every lire Bugg ; yet their Nits being
inanimate, cannot come to the Li-
quor, nor the Liquor at them. Such
Nits therefore will come to life by
heat, and quit the Walls and Wain-
Icot for better Quarters and Food in
the Bed, and lb become troublelbme
to you. J

Having thus given, I hope, a (a-
tisfadory Account of this nauleous,
venomous Vermin, I fliall proceed to
fhew how they are daily brought to
Etsglancl, and into Houfes commonly;
then give fomc necefiary Cautions
how to avoid them, and Direftions ^
how to deftroy them.

( 33 )

As thefe Inledis abound in all
foreign Parts, elpecially in hotter
Climates more than they do here ;
'tis on that account all Trading Ships
are lb over -run with them, that hardly
any one thing, if examin'd, will,, be
found free.

And as by Shipping they were
doubtlefi firft brought to England,
fo are they now daily brought. This
to me is apparent, becaufe not one
Sea-Poft in England is free ; wliere-
as in Inland-Towns, Buggs are hardly
known.

This Metropolis therefore, as ha-
ving the greateft Number of Shipping,
has had the greateft Number impor-
ted, and confequently bred in it.

You that arc free, and would a-
void a foreign Supply in your Houles,
examine well all things from on
board Ships before you admit tjiem
into Lodging-Rooms. Cherts and

isks, Linnens, and Paper, being
F ftiften'd

I
I

I

n

emFo<x^^
I dange-™

( 34)
ftiffen'd with Parte, afford them I
and are conlequently moft dange-
rous.

If you have occaiion to change
Sen'ants, let their Boxes, Trunks,
@?c. be wdl examin'd before carried
into your Rooms, left their coming
from infefted Houles fhould prove
dangerous to yours. J

Examine well all Furniture tlu^l
comes in, before you let it up, Be(ls
efpecially ; w'hich I reconunend
fhould be plain, and as free from
Wood-work as poilible, and made
to draw out, that the Wainfcot an^
Walls may be better come at, to clej
them from Buggs and Dirt.

Deal Head-Boards, and Head-
Cloths lined with Deal, or Rails of_
that Wood, avoid.

Alfo Beach-Bedfteds, for all fucS
afford them much Harbour
Food.

.le^

( 35 )

If for Ornament you ufe Lace,
let it be fewed, not pafted on, for
Parte they love much.

Oak-Bedfteds, and plain Wain-
fcot Head-Boards, and Tefter-Rails
of that Wood, allow them the leaft
Harbour, and no Food ; fuch there-
fore I recommend.

If you put out your Linnen to
wafli, let no Wafher-woman's Basket
be brought into your Houfes ; for
tliey often prove as dangerous to
thofe that have no Buggs, as Cradles,
and Bugg-Traps made of the fame
Wood, often do to thole that have
them : for the Wood they are made
of, affords them much Convenience
of Harbour, and great Nourillimcnt.

Upholfterers are often blamed in
Bugg-Affairs ; the only Fault I can
lay to their Charge, is tlieir Folly, or
r^her Inadvertency, in fuffering old
Furniture, when they have taken it
down, becaufe it was buggy, to be
F 2 brought

P{ 36) ^^
brought into their Shops or HoulegB
among new and free Furniture, to
infeft them.

I Builders are more blameable than
they : for in Houfes built for Sale,
old Wainfcot-Doors, Chimney-Pieces,
Sfc. are oft put up for Cheapnefs,
painted over, and pals for new ;
thus the Houfes in Hanover and
GroJvenor-SquareSi ^c. were lup-
plied before inhabited. ^J

In taking of Houfes, new or olJj9
and in buying Bedfteds, Furniture,
Sfc. examine carefully if you can
find Bugg-marks. If you find fuch,
though you lee not the Vermin, you
may affure yourfelf they are nev{
thelefs infefted.

To fuch as have, and would A
flroy them, I (hall now proceed
give full Direftions. In order to
do it elFeftually, and to leflen your
trouble, the firft neceffary thing to be
known, is their Marks. Buggs.

^■^te

a

( 37 )

Buggs, tho' nafty to us, are fo
clednly to themfelves, that they quit
their places of Harbour to come out
and dung, and their Excrements
leave a Mark or Stain like that of a
Fly, but fomcwhat blacker; and
wherever you fee luch Marks, if on
Wood, look for the neareft Crevile,
Knot, or Streak ; if on Walls, for
the neareft Crack or Hole ; if on
Furniture, for the neareft Seam,
Lace, Tape, or Fold, and there af-
furedly are the Vermin, and there
apply the Remedy.

In Winter-time, few, if any, are
to be found by day-light in the
Furniture of a Bed ; butin the Wood-
work, Wainfcot, or Walls only.

In the Summer they are all over,
and every Lace, Tape, Seam and
Fold muft be examin'd, as well as
the Crevifes, Joints, and Carving in
the Wood-work, for the Marks, and

Ke Remedy applied accordingly.
£ ; Md

(38 )

In Winter-time, though they lie
in pretty clofe Quarters, yet are they
eafily deftroy'd with any thing that
will attraift or entice them to it.

If no fuch thing you have, give
me leave to recommend my Liquor ;
on the Apphcation of which, at all
Seafons of the Year, they will come

out, and immediately die before!

our Face. ]

In Summer they lie in more operj

tin summer tney lie m more operj —
Quarters, and fpread, and then are
not in any meafure to be reduced,
but by fuch Liquors as you may

»iafely touch the Furniture with all
over : if none fuch you have, yoi| jH
may depend that mine will not ftain ^|
or any way hurt the richeft Velvet,
Silk, or Stuff, not even Scarlet, which
almoft every thing elfe will do. J

On account of thele excellent Qua- ■
lifications, tlie Liquor has its Name
oi Nonpareil \ andof this, if minded

I to do it yourfelf, you mav have a ^
: :J

{ 39 )

Bottle for 2 s. fufficient for a com-
mon Bed, with plain Direftions how
to ufe it efFeftually.

If the Trouble of doing it your
lelves be difagreeable to you, you
may have it expeditioufly done by
me or my Servants, and your Beds,
or fuch Part as is necefiary, taken
down and put iip again in fiiU as
good, if not better Order, than
they were before, and alter'd, [if I
fee Opportunity or Occafion) and
made to draw out, on my ufual
eafy Terms.

As I have occafionally mentioned
what Sort of Beds I would have
you avoid, give me leave to add
and alTure you, that Beds may be
made full as warm as ufual, and ve-
ry ornamental, and yet be fo very han-
dy, as that any one of your own Ser-
vants might take all down and clear
them of Buggs, Dirt, and Duft, and
put them up again in a quarter of an
Hour ;

I

I

»

(+°)

Hour ; and to this Fafliion moft
Beds may be alter'd, feveral Perfons
having lately done fo by my Direc-
tions to their very great Satisfa-
flion.

Thofe that have a mind to ha-
new Beds thus made, or old ones
alter'd, are to obferve. That the
Head-pofts of tlie Bedfted are to
be no higher than juft to fupport a

La-

M

Waiufcot Head-board,
lath fiipports the Rod

the Tefter-
ufual; in

the Rail are to be nine Holes drilled
in, but not quite thro' ; the two at
the Head, to take ofF and hang on,
(at Pleafure,) two Upholders drove
into the Wainfcot or Wall ,- in the
other feven, thro' Eye-let Holes, at
proper Diftances in the Tefter-cloth,
are to be feven Balls or carved
Branches to keep the Tefter-Cloth
tight ; to which the Head-cloth,
and iniide and outlide Vallcns are
to be fixed : fo that by taking the
3 Lath

{41 )
lath of the Upholders, and taking
out the Balls, they all come off toge-
ther ; and thus made, may be com-
modioufly and immediately clear'd,
clean d, and put up again, to faften
on the Head-board : And keep
your Head-cloth down tight in it«
Place and Form. You have Hooks
and Eyes to take on and off at Plea-

PErfons wanting to be clear'd
and kept free of thofe naufeous
venomous Vermin, fhall be atten-
ded by the Author on the following
Terms, viz.

I

To dear a Bed-fted with Mould-
ing-Telter, Wood Head-Cloth,Head-
iboard and its Furniture, lo s. 6 1^.

Bed-fteds with fingle-rais'd Tef- •
ter. Moulding, Head-Cloth, Board
G and

(42)

and Furniture, or Chair-beds and
Furniture, 8 s. each.

Bed-fteds with ditto Tefter, plain
Head-cloth, cover'd Head-board
and Furniture ; and Field-beds and
Furniture, at 7 s. each. a

Four-poft Bed-fteds, or Canopy^
beds, with plain Furniture, 6 s.
each.

Prels-beds, Cheft of Drawers
Beds and Bed-fteds, without Furni-
ture, 5 J, each.

Wainfcot Walls, Hangings, &c.
behind and near the Bed-fted are
clear' d with the Beds at the above
Prices: but if fpread all over the
Room and Furniture, then an ad-
ditional Price is expefled. ^M

I F?

. ( 43 )

For Expedition and Safety, and
to prevent Trouble to his Cuftomers,
or Impofltions on them or himielf)
the Author takes his own Servants
with him, to take down and put
«p fuch Parts of Beds, Wainfcot,
Hangings, &^c. as he finds neceflary ;
and always puts them up in jfuU as
good, if not better prder, than he
iuids them. Of bis Servants he has
good Security, and will be aniwera-
ble to his Cuftomers, for their Fi-
delity.

N.B. If he any ways da-
mages the Furniture, he
will pay for the fame.

Perfbns about taking Houfes,
Lodgings, or buying Furniture,
paying for Surveying, fhall be at-

G 2 tended,

( 4+ )
tended, and at firft View be juftly
and truly inform'd if the Preraifles
be Buggy, or free from Buggs, by

John Southall,

At the Green-pojls in the GreiH-
•aialk near Faukm-Jiairs, South-
wark.

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